Oxygen Supply and Demand
Oxygenation is the basic human needs of the most fundamental is used for the continuity of body cell metabolism, survival and activity of various organs of the body's cells.
In terms of meeting the needs of oxygenation is inseparable from the role of the respiratory and cardiovascular system function that supplies the oxygen needs of the body. And in the implementation of nursing students are expected to understand more about what oxygenation, how the nursing process to clients with impaired oxygenation and how nursing practice experience problems or interference oxygenation.
4 Factors Affecting Oxygen Supply and Demand
1. Physiological Factors
- The reduced binding capacity O2 as in anemia.
- The reduced concentration of inspired O2 as the upper airway obstruction.
- Hypovolemia thus reducing blood pressure resulting in impaired O2 transport.
- Increased metabolism such as an infection, fever, pregnant women, injured, and others.
- Conditions that affect the movement of the chest wall such as in pregnancy, obesity, abnormal muscular skeleton, penyalit such chronic pulmonary tuberculosis.
2. Development Factors
- Premature babies are due to lack of surfactant formation.
- Baby and toddler to the risk of acute respiratory tract infection.
- School-age children and adolescents, the risk of respiratory infections and smoking.
- Young adult and middle: unhealthy diet, lack of activity, stress that lead to heart disease and lung.
- Older adults: the presence of the aging process resulting in the possibility of arteriosclerosis, decreased elasticity, decreased lung expansion.
3. Behavioral Factors
- Nutrition: for example in obesity resulted in decreased lung expansion, poor nutrition become anemic thus reduced oxygen holding capacity, high-fat diets cause arteriosclerosis.
- Exercise will increase the need for oxygen.
- Smoking: Nicotine causes vasoconstriction of peripheral and coronary blood vessels.
- Substance abuse (alcohol and drugs): cause nutritional intake / Fe decreases resulting in a decrease in hemoglobin, alcohol, causing depression of the respiratory center.
- Anxiety: causes increased metabolism.
4. Environmental Factors
- The workplace.
- Environmental temperature.
- Altitude and sea level.
